Cinnamon: Innovations in Propagation, Sustainable Cultivation, and Post-Harvest Technologies
Overview
The International Seminar and Workshop on “Cinnamon - Innovations in Propagation, Sustainable Cultivation, and Post-Harvest Technologies” is conceived as a focused and interactive knowledge platform dedicated to Cinnamon cultivation in Uttarakhand. This event is devoted to cinnamon, recognized as a priority high-value aromatic and spice crop with significant ecological, economic, and industrial potential.
The Himalayan region represents a critical frontier of global biodiversity. By integrating rich Himalayan genetic resources with modern horticultural and post-harvest sciences, there is a pressing need to bridge the gap between traditional wild harvesting practices and standardized, high-yield, and market-oriented production systems. This event aims to address global perspectives on cinnamon propagation, production of quality planting material, scientific cultivation practices, post-harvest technologies, and value addition.
With rising global demand for cinnamon, the industry faces challenges related to genetic purity, slow maturation cycles, inconsistent quality, and outdated harvesting and processing techniques. This event will explore cutting-edge macro-propagation and tissue culture technologies to support the availability of elite, disease-free planting material. In addition, the event will focus on scientific post-harvest management to preserve leaf and bark quality through improved curing, drying, storage, and the development of innovative products and formulations.
This event serves as a vital convergence point for stakeholders committed to the sustainable development of cinnamon as a high-value crop, aligned with global quality standards and emerging market needs.
The event aims to bring together scientists, academicians, extension professionals, industry experts, policymakers, importers, exporters, and progressive growers to collectively explore innovations, challenges, and future pathways in cinnamon development. By integrating scientific research with field-level experiences, the event seeks to identify practical solutions, research gaps, and region-specific strategies. The ultimate objective is to generate actionable recommendations and collaborative initiatives that strengthen cinnamon production systems, enhance quality and market competitiveness, and promote sustainable livelihoods through cinnamon-based enterprises.
The event will be held on June 11-12, 2026, at the Centre for Aromatic Plants (CAP), Selaqui, Dehradun.
We cordially invite research scientists, horticulturists, agronomists, nursery owners, farmers, agri-entrepreneurs, industry representatives, importers, exporters, and policymakers to join us in the Himalayan foothills this April to help shape the future of one of the world’s most precious aromatic crops.
Conference Dates
11-06-2026 to 12-06-2026
Call for Abstracts for Oral/Poster Presentation
Last Date of Submission: 01-06-2026
Nirpendra Chauhan's Biography
Nirpendra Chauhan
Director
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Dr. Chauhan is heading Centre for Aromatic Plants (CAP), Selaqui, Dehradun as a director since April 2017 earlier he was scientist-in-Charge in the same institution. He had worked as Assistant Director in Flavour and Fragrance Development Centre (FFDC), Kannauj (UP) from 1999 to 2002, Agriculture Research Officer in Pharmaceutical & Herbs Development Institute, Ranikhet from 1995 to 1999 and did research work in Central Institute for Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Lucknow from 1989 to 1995. A total number of 10 projects funded by different funding agencies have been successfully executed under his guidance. Besides that, he is an author of 65 research papers, all of them published in international reputed journals, Technical Bulletins on aromatic crops. He is also an author of a book titled “Essential Oils, Extracts & Absolutes”. He has been honored as “Scientist of the Year” award by Essential Oil Association of India for the year 2010, for his outstanding contribution in development and propagation of aromatic Sector in Uttarakhand. Besides the above, he has published 43 research papers in reputed journals.
Chinthaka Widanapathirana's Biography
Chinthaka Widanapathirana
Deputy Director (Research), Cinnamon Development
National Cinnamon Research and Training Centre
Mr. Chinthaka Widanapathirana represents the National Cinnamon Research and Training Centre of the Department of Cinnamon Development, Sri Lanka. He obtained his Bachelor of Science (Honours) degree in Agricultural Technology and Management, with specialization in Economic and Applied Entomology, from the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, in 2010.
He then served as an Assistant Lecturer in the Department of Agricultural Biology at the same university and subsequently completed the Master of Science degree in Plant Protection Technology, with special reference to Entomology, in 2013 at the Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture (PGIA), University of Peradeniya.
He has gained international professional experience by working as a researcher and consultant in pest management in the Republic of Seychelles and the Maldives, while engaging with private and semi-government institutions in Sri Lanka.
In 2014, he was appointed as the Assistant Director in the Entomology Research Division of the Central Research Station of the Department of Export Agriculture, Sri Lanka. In this role, he contributed to research programmes covering sixteen spice crops cultivated in Sri Lanka.
In 2019, he commenced his Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Entomology at the University of the Philippines under a Sri Lankan Government scholarship programme.
In 2021, he was transferred to the National Cinnamon Research and Training Centre under the same department, where he served as the Deputy Director in Plant Protection Research. Up to 2025, he has held several positions within the Centre, including Head of the Training Division and Deputy Director-in-Charge.
Since 2024, he is attached to the Department of Cinnamon Development and currently serves as the Deputy Director (Research), overseeing Plant Protection and Training divisions.
Mr. Widanapathirana has authored more than 30 national and international publications. His primary area of expertise is insect taxonomy, and he has published internationally recognized research on the identification of thrips species associated with cinnamon and pepper.
In addition to his specialization in entomology, he possesses extensive practical knowledge and experience in the true cinnamon industry in Sri Lanka.
Muditha Jayatilaka's Biography
Muditha Jayatilaka
Director
Pure Cinnamon Exports
Muditha Jayatilaka brings extensive engineering expertise to his family tradition in the cinnamon industry, where he has introduced revolutionary processing techniques to improve and apply international best practices in quality and standards. His work also focuses on acquiring intellectual property rights for commercial purposes while ensuring wider community participation and benefits across the cinnamon sector.
Through investments in research, development, and technology acquisition, he has introduced several unique cinnamon products to the industry. His contributions have supported the advancement of quality-driven practices aligned with global standards, including those recognized by the World Health Organization.
He holds a B.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, and a Post Graduate Diploma in Medical Electronics from St. Bartholomews Hospital Medical College, University of London, U.K. He is also a Corporate Member of the Institute of Healthcare Engineering and Estate Management, U.K., and holds I.Eng (U.K.) and MIHEEM (U.K.) qualifications.
Setiari Marwanto's Biography
Setiari Marwanto
Head
Research Center for Estate Crops (BRIN)
Homey Cheriyan's Biography
Homey Cheriyan
Director
Directorate of Arecanut and Spices Development Kozhikode
Remashree A.B's Biography
Remashree A.B
Director
Spices Board (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India)
Ajit Arun Waman's Biography
Dr. Ajit Arun Waman holds B.Sc. (Hort.) from Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli and completed his M.Sc. (Hort.- Plantation, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Spice Crops) and Ph.D. (Hort.) from University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru. He joined as an ARS Scientist at ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Vijaya Puram in 2014 and since then he has been involved in the research and development activities in perennial horticultural species, mainly spices.
He has identified superior germplasm of cinnamon, including those with low content of coumarin, superior yield, better quality characters and ease of peeling. He reported Piper pendulispicum as a new species for India, and registered an accession with ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi. He developed country’s first improved variety of Tejpat and co-developed two varieties of Malabar Tamarind. He has worked extensively on Piper, Cinnamomum and Myristica and identified Woody Pepper as a novel crop. He has developed plantation crops based models cropping system apart from developing agro-ecotourism models for the humid tropics. He has been granted three Industrial Designs and a Copyright, while two of his technologies have been commercialized including Dweep CinnRub- the cinnamon bark rubbing tool. He served as member of several national teams constituted on aspects related to horticulture. He is providing technical guidance as a member of the Technical Support Group for state-wide SPICE PRAVAH initiative of Andaman and Nicobar Administration.
For his contributions in the sector, he has received several accolades including Fellowship of the Andaman Science Association- 2025 (ASA, Sri Vijaya Puram); Associate Fellowship of the Society for Promotion of Horticulture-2025 (SPH, Bengaluru), Invited Panelist in the Indian Horticulture Congress-2025 (UAS, Bengaluru), Invited Panelist in the Workshop on Cinnamon organized by DASD, Kozhikode, Kerala, Young Scientist Award 2021 (GKV Society, Uttar Pradesh), Invited Speaker in International Conference organized by American Chemical Society and Texas A&M University, USA (2021), Society for Plant Biochemistry & Biotechnology-Springer Young Investigator Award-2020 (SPBB, New Delhi), etc. He has published more than 85 peer reviewed articles, five books, 16 short videos and serving as editor of four prestigious journals.
V. Sundaresan's Biography
V. Sundaresan
Scientist-F
CSIR-CIMAP Research Centre, Bengaluru
Dr. V. Sundaresan has contributed extensively on Plant Taxonomy and Conservation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. He has documented around 3500 wild flora of Western Ghats. He has studied the adulteration issues and health risks associated with Coumarin content and the Molecular authentication of Cinnamomum species in India. His biodiversity characterization work on plant genetic resources yielded ten new agriculture cultivars, and two herbal products. Taxonomic identity of Ocimum spp. and phylogeny of Eugenia spp., were resolved using classical and molecular systematic approaches. He has studied the population analysis, distribution mapping and genetic diversity of RET taxa. Molecular authentication has been carried out using DNA Barcodes for the species in the genera Senna, Tulsi Decalepis, Alpinia, Agave, and Terminalia in demarcation of traded adulterants.
Dinesh Singh Bisht's Biography
Dinesh Singh Bisht
Scientist
Spices Board (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India)
Scientist in Spices Board with Ph.D. in Chemistry.
Total 16 years of experience in the Spices Sector.
Published 20 research papers in National & International Journals.
Closely associated with standard setting activities under CODEX, ISO, etc.
Works in close association with Spices Exporters, Traders and Farmers.
At present is the Officer Incharge of the Spices Board Regional Office and Quality Evaluation Laboratory in Delhi.
Arvind Kumar's Biography
Arvind Kumar
Scientist
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Dr. Arvind Kumar is a Scientist working in research area of separation science, essential oil, natural product chemistry, analytical chemistry in Chemical Sciences Division of Centre for Aromatic Plants (Govt. of Uttarakhand), Selaqui, Dehradun with wide international research exposure. His research focus to developing the best chromatographic and analytical methods for novel biomolecules isolation from the plant matrixand characterized the metabolites by high-resolution spectrometry techniques. Dr. Arvind obtained his Ph.D. in Chemistry from H.N.B. Garhwal Central University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand and previously worked with Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. He is also a recipient of the Visiting Scientist and Postdoctoral research fellowships from Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Centre, CROM-MASS, CENIVAM, Industrial University of Santander, Colombia. He has more than 16-years experience of academia and research, he has authored of several peer-reviewed research publications in reputed international journals and confirmed the patents related to Novel extraction technique of Timur extraction and creation of Timru de Uttarakhand perfume. Dr. Arvind current research is focused on quality analysis of aromatic products as per international standards and also developing methodology as waste to wealth recovery approach for utilization of residual biomass and enrich the bioactive fractions for nutraceutical formulation in area of aromatic plant research.
Nithin E's Biography
Nithin E
Cultivator
Cultivator of Cinnamon & Expertise in Marketing of Cinnamon in Kerala Market, MBA Postgraduate with more than 5 years of Corporate Experience in Marketing, Training & Sales .
Nithin is an emerging Cinnamon cultivator and entrepreneur dedicated to reviving the cultivation and marketing of True Cinnamon. After completing his MBA and gaining corporate professional experience in the Marketing & Sales field, he has focused his attention to agriculture, choosing to work with Cinnamon despite the crop being considered economically risky. Motivated by growing concerns about the health risks associated with Cassia (deemed as carcinogenic and hepatotoxic) the commonly sold substitute, Nithin committed himself to promoting true Cinnamon known for its gentle aroma, brittle bark, sweetness, and various health benefits.
To ensure quality and credibility, samples from his plantation were tested at the Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (TBGRI), Thiruvananthapuram, which confirmed that his produce was free from harmful content, like coumarin and rich in medicinal properties. This validation encouraged him to take true Cinnamon directly to home kitchens and conscious consumers.
From grandfather to father, Kunhiraman, and now to Nithin—the art of cinnamon cultivation stays in the family. On his eight-acre plantation, Nithin cultivates nearly 5,000 cinnamon trees, combining both mature and newly planted varieties. He follows careful harvesting methods, peeling the bark from four-to-five-year-old stalks and shade-drying it to preserve its natural aroma. The farm also harvests cinnamon buds, which are sought after by food processing industries. Through patient cultivation, sustainable practices,consumer education, & new generation marketing techniques, Nithin is contributing to the renewed demand for authentic cinnamon in Kerala and beyond.
Lalit Agrawal's Biography
Lalit Agrawal
Scientist
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Dr. Lalit Agrawal is a researcher in Genetics and plant breeding and Agriculture Biotechnology with extensive international research experience from India, and the United States. Dr. Lalit obtained his MSc degree in Genetics and Plant Breeding from GB Pant university of Agriculture and technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, He received his Ph.D. in Agriculture Biotechnology from National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR, JNU Campus), New Delhi. He also worked in CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow as scientist fellow. His research expertise includes Plant Tissue Culture, Genetic Engineering, Proteomics, molecular biology and crop improvement and published nearly 40 peer-reviewed research publications in reputed international journals. His scientific contributions mainly explore crop improvement through conventional, molecular breeding and genetic engineering. He is currently working as Scientist in the Centre for Aromatic Plants, on the crop improvement, development of new verities of aromatic species. His work is mainly focused on variety release programs in lemongrass, cinnamon, damask rose suitable for Uttarakhand climatic condition and also production of quality planting material for farmers in hitech nursery.
Ravi Kant's Biography
Ravi Kant
Prof & HOD, Medicine
AIIMS Rishikesh
Anil Kumar Chauhan's Biography
Anil Kumar Chauhan
Project Scientist-I
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Dr. Anil Kumar Chauhan is a researcher in biotechnology and molecular biosciences with extensive international research experience spanning India, South Korea, and the United States. He is currently serving as Project Scientist-I at the Centre for Aromatic Plants, where
his work focuses on the development of therapeutic and nutraceutical formulations from aromatic and medicinal plants for obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. Dr. Chauhan obtained his Ph.D. in Biotechnology from Daegu University and has previously worked at renowned institutions including The Ohio State University (School of Medicine), University of Illinois Chicago (School of Medicine), Konkuk University (Biosciences & Bioengineering), and Keimyung University (School of Medicine). His research expertise includes microbiology, immunology, molecular biology, cancer biology, metabolic diseases, and animal disease modeling. He has authored several peer-reviewed research publications in reputed international journals and holds patents related to anti-obesity formulations and bioactivity of essential oils. His scientific contributions mainly explore natural products, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer therapeutics, sepsis, and metabolic disease interventions. Dr. Chauhan has also presented his research at several international conferences and symposia across Europe, the United States, and South Korea.
Rameshkumar K. B.'s Biography
Rameshkumar K. B.
Senior Principal Scientist and Head, Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology
KSCSTE-Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute
Dr. Rameshkumar K. B. is a Principal Scientist and Head of the Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division at the Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (JNTBGRI), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. With over 27 years of experience in phytochemistry research, his work focuses on the extraction, isolation, and characterization of plant secondary metabolites, essential oils, and medicinal plant products.
He earned his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Kerala and has successfully led several research projects funded by DBT, DST, and KSCSTE. Dr. Rameshkumar has guided Ph.D. scholars and numerous postgraduate research projects while actively contributing to herbal technology and natural product research.
He has published extensively in reputed journals, received several prestigious awards including the Kerala Academy of Sciences Fellowship, and represented India at various international conferences and collaborations across Asia and Europe. His contributions continue to strengthen research in phytochemistry and medicinal plants.
Mohammad Javed Ansari's Biography
Mohammad Javed Ansari
Assistant Professor, Botany
Hindu College Moradabad
Mohammad Javed Ansari is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Botany at Hindu College, Moradabad affiliated to Guru Jambheshwar University Moradabad. He holds a Ph.D. degree in Biotechnology with a specialization in Plant Molecular Biology from the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee. Prior to joining Hindu College Moradabad, he served as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Plant Protection at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. His research interests include Plant Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biofilms, and Antimicrobials. He has a strong academic background with various academic awards. He published more than 400 research Publications in well known reputed journals and secured rank in top 2 percent scientist list published by Stanford University USA. He is the author of several books and member of the editorial board of several reputed international journals.
Alka Rao's Biography
Alka Rao
Advisor (Science & Standards & Regulations)
Food Safety and Standards Authority of India New Delhi
Hema Lohani's Biography
Hema Lohani
Scientific Advisor
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Surendra Narayan Pandey's Biography
Surendra Narayan Pandey
Secretary
Agriculture and Farmer Welfare, Uttarakhand
Conference Agenda
- Advanced Propagation and Nursery Techniques
- Cultivation through Best Agronomic Practices
- Post-Harvest Technologies
- Value Addition and Industrial Innovation
Agenda Topics for Cinnamon Seminar
-
Advanced Propagation and Nursery Techniques
- Macro- and micro-propagation methods
- Hi-tech nursery management for quality planting material
-
Cultivation through Best Agronomic Practices
- Commercial cultivation and high-density plantation systems
- Intercropping and agroforestry-based cultivation models
- Soil and nutrient management and irrigation systems
- Harvesting techniques for leaf and bark production, including harvesting stages and methods such as pruning and coppicing
-
Post-Harvest Technologies
- Current and advanced curing processes for leaves and bark (peeling, quill formation, and drying)
- Quality grading parameters and global quality standards (ISO, BIS, FSSAI, and FDA compliance)
- Post-harvest losses: causes and mitigation strategies
- Storage and packaging technologies
- Utilization of residues and waste management
-
Value Addition and Industrial Innovation
- Advanced extraction technologies
- Cinnamon-based nutraceutical products and formulations
- Cosmetic products and formulations
- Domestic and export market opportunities
Who should attend
- Agricultural scientists
- Industrialists and agri-entrepreneurs
- Importers and exporters
- Professionals involved in compliance with FSSAI, BIS, FDA, and ISO standards
- Representatives from the pharmaceutical, food, nutraceutical, fragrance, and flavour industries
Who should attend
- Agricultural scientists
- Industrialists and agri-entrepreneurs
- Importers and exporters
- Professionals involved in compliance with FSSAI, BIS, FDA, and ISO standards
- Representatives from the pharmaceutical, food, nutraceutical, fragrance, and flavour industries
Conference Officials
9041725050
Conference Chair
Nirpendra Chauhan's Biography
Nirpendra Chauhan
Director
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Dr. Chauhan is heading Centre for Aromatic Plants (CAP), Selaqui, Dehradun as a director since April 2017 earlier he was scientist-in-Charge in the same institution. He had worked as Assistant Director in Flavour and Fragrance Development Centre (FFDC), Kannauj (UP) from 1999 to 2002, Agriculture Research Officer in Pharmaceutical & Herbs Development Institute, Ranikhet from 1995 to 1999 and did research work in Central Institute for Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Lucknow from 1989 to 1995. A total number of 10 projects funded by different funding agencies have been successfully executed under his guidance. Besides that, he is an author of 65 research papers, all of them published in international reputed journals, Technical Bulletins on aromatic crops. He is also an author of a book titled “Essential Oils, Extracts & Absolutes”. He has been honored as “Scientist of the Year” award by Essential Oil Association of India for the year 2010, for his outstanding contribution in development and propagation of aromatic Sector in Uttarakhand. Besides the above, he has published 43 research papers in reputed journals.
Director,
Centre for Aromatic Plants,
India
Speakers & Panelists
Hema Lohani's Biography
Hema Lohani
Scientific Advisor
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Scientific Advisor,
Centre for Aromatic Plants,
India
Surendra Narayan Pandey's Biography
Surendra Narayan Pandey
Secretary
Agriculture and Farmer Welfare, Uttarakhand
Secretary,
Agriculture and Farmer Welfare, Uttarakhand,
India
Alka Rao's Biography
Alka Rao
Advisor (Science & Standards & Regulations)
Food Safety and Standards Authority of India New Delhi
Advisor (Science & Standards & Regulations),
Food Safety and Standards Authority of India New Delhi,
India
Chinthaka Widanapathirana's Biography
Chinthaka Widanapathirana
Deputy Director (Research), Cinnamon Development
National Cinnamon Research and Training Centre
Mr. Chinthaka Widanapathirana represents the National Cinnamon Research and Training Centre of the Department of Cinnamon Development, Sri Lanka. He obtained his Bachelor of Science (Honours) degree in Agricultural Technology and Management, with specialization in Economic and Applied Entomology, from the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, in 2010.
He then served as an Assistant Lecturer in the Department of Agricultural Biology at the same university and subsequently completed the Master of Science degree in Plant Protection Technology, with special reference to Entomology, in 2013 at the Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture (PGIA), University of Peradeniya.
He has gained international professional experience by working as a researcher and consultant in pest management in the Republic of Seychelles and the Maldives, while engaging with private and semi-government institutions in Sri Lanka.
In 2014, he was appointed as the Assistant Director in the Entomology Research Division of the Central Research Station of the Department of Export Agriculture, Sri Lanka. In this role, he contributed to research programmes covering sixteen spice crops cultivated in Sri Lanka.
In 2019, he commenced his Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Entomology at the University of the Philippines under a Sri Lankan Government scholarship programme.
In 2021, he was transferred to the National Cinnamon Research and Training Centre under the same department, where he served as the Deputy Director in Plant Protection Research. Up to 2025, he has held several positions within the Centre, including Head of the Training Division and Deputy Director-in-Charge.
Since 2024, he is attached to the Department of Cinnamon Development and currently serves as the Deputy Director (Research), overseeing Plant Protection and Training divisions.
Mr. Widanapathirana has authored more than 30 national and international publications. His primary area of expertise is insect taxonomy, and he has published internationally recognized research on the identification of thrips species associated with cinnamon and pepper.
In addition to his specialization in entomology, he possesses extensive practical knowledge and experience in the true cinnamon industry in Sri Lanka.
Deputy Director (Research), Cinnamon Development,
National Cinnamon Research and Training Centre,
Sri Lanka
Muditha Jayatilaka's Biography
Muditha Jayatilaka
Director
Pure Cinnamon Exports
Muditha Jayatilaka brings extensive engineering expertise to his family tradition in the cinnamon industry, where he has introduced revolutionary processing techniques to improve and apply international best practices in quality and standards. His work also focuses on acquiring intellectual property rights for commercial purposes while ensuring wider community participation and benefits across the cinnamon sector.
Through investments in research, development, and technology acquisition, he has introduced several unique cinnamon products to the industry. His contributions have supported the advancement of quality-driven practices aligned with global standards, including those recognized by the World Health Organization.
He holds a B.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, and a Post Graduate Diploma in Medical Electronics from St. Bartholomews Hospital Medical College, University of London, U.K. He is also a Corporate Member of the Institute of Healthcare Engineering and Estate Management, U.K., and holds I.Eng (U.K.) and MIHEEM (U.K.) qualifications.
Director,
Pure Cinnamon Exports,
Sri Lanka
Setiari Marwanto's Biography
Setiari Marwanto
Head
Research Center for Estate Crops (BRIN)
Head,
Research Center for Estate Crops (BRIN),
Indonesia
Homey Cheriyan's Biography
Homey Cheriyan
Director
Directorate of Arecanut and Spices Development Kozhikode
Director,
Directorate of Arecanut and Spices Development Kozhikode,
India
Remashree A.B's Biography
Remashree A.B
Director
Spices Board (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India)
Director,
Spices Board (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India),
India
Ajit Arun Waman's Biography
Dr. Ajit Arun Waman holds B.Sc. (Hort.) from Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli and completed his M.Sc. (Hort.- Plantation, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Spice Crops) and Ph.D. (Hort.) from University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru. He joined as an ARS Scientist at ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Vijaya Puram in 2014 and since then he has been involved in the research and development activities in perennial horticultural species, mainly spices.
He has identified superior germplasm of cinnamon, including those with low content of coumarin, superior yield, better quality characters and ease of peeling. He reported Piper pendulispicum as a new species for India, and registered an accession with ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi. He developed country’s first improved variety of Tejpat and co-developed two varieties of Malabar Tamarind. He has worked extensively on Piper, Cinnamomum and Myristica and identified Woody Pepper as a novel crop. He has developed plantation crops based models cropping system apart from developing agro-ecotourism models for the humid tropics. He has been granted three Industrial Designs and a Copyright, while two of his technologies have been commercialized including Dweep CinnRub- the cinnamon bark rubbing tool. He served as member of several national teams constituted on aspects related to horticulture. He is providing technical guidance as a member of the Technical Support Group for state-wide SPICE PRAVAH initiative of Andaman and Nicobar Administration.
For his contributions in the sector, he has received several accolades including Fellowship of the Andaman Science Association- 2025 (ASA, Sri Vijaya Puram); Associate Fellowship of the Society for Promotion of Horticulture-2025 (SPH, Bengaluru), Invited Panelist in the Indian Horticulture Congress-2025 (UAS, Bengaluru), Invited Panelist in the Workshop on Cinnamon organized by DASD, Kozhikode, Kerala, Young Scientist Award 2021 (GKV Society, Uttar Pradesh), Invited Speaker in International Conference organized by American Chemical Society and Texas A&M University, USA (2021), Society for Plant Biochemistry & Biotechnology-Springer Young Investigator Award-2020 (SPBB, New Delhi), etc. He has published more than 85 peer reviewed articles, five books, 16 short videos and serving as editor of four prestigious journals.
Senior Scientist,
ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute,
India
V. Sundaresan's Biography
V. Sundaresan
Scientist-F
CSIR-CIMAP Research Centre, Bengaluru
Dr. V. Sundaresan has contributed extensively on Plant Taxonomy and Conservation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. He has documented around 3500 wild flora of Western Ghats. He has studied the adulteration issues and health risks associated with Coumarin content and the Molecular authentication of Cinnamomum species in India. His biodiversity characterization work on plant genetic resources yielded ten new agriculture cultivars, and two herbal products. Taxonomic identity of Ocimum spp. and phylogeny of Eugenia spp., were resolved using classical and molecular systematic approaches. He has studied the population analysis, distribution mapping and genetic diversity of RET taxa. Molecular authentication has been carried out using DNA Barcodes for the species in the genera Senna, Tulsi Decalepis, Alpinia, Agave, and Terminalia in demarcation of traded adulterants.
Scientist-F,
CSIR-CIMAP Research Centre, Bengaluru,
India
Dinesh Singh Bisht's Biography
Dinesh Singh Bisht
Scientist
Spices Board (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India)
Scientist in Spices Board with Ph.D. in Chemistry.
Total 16 years of experience in the Spices Sector.
Published 20 research papers in National & International Journals.
Closely associated with standard setting activities under CODEX, ISO, etc.
Works in close association with Spices Exporters, Traders and Farmers.
At present is the Officer Incharge of the Spices Board Regional Office and Quality Evaluation Laboratory in Delhi.
Scientist,
Spices Board (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India),
India
Arvind Kumar's Biography
Arvind Kumar
Scientist
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Dr. Arvind Kumar is a Scientist working in research area of separation science, essential oil, natural product chemistry, analytical chemistry in Chemical Sciences Division of Centre for Aromatic Plants (Govt. of Uttarakhand), Selaqui, Dehradun with wide international research exposure. His research focus to developing the best chromatographic and analytical methods for novel biomolecules isolation from the plant matrixand characterized the metabolites by high-resolution spectrometry techniques. Dr. Arvind obtained his Ph.D. in Chemistry from H.N.B. Garhwal Central University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand and previously worked with Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. He is also a recipient of the Visiting Scientist and Postdoctoral research fellowships from Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Centre, CROM-MASS, CENIVAM, Industrial University of Santander, Colombia. He has more than 16-years experience of academia and research, he has authored of several peer-reviewed research publications in reputed international journals and confirmed the patents related to Novel extraction technique of Timur extraction and creation of Timru de Uttarakhand perfume. Dr. Arvind current research is focused on quality analysis of aromatic products as per international standards and also developing methodology as waste to wealth recovery approach for utilization of residual biomass and enrich the bioactive fractions for nutraceutical formulation in area of aromatic plant research.
Scientist,
Centre for Aromatic Plants,
India
Nithin E's Biography
Nithin E
Cultivator
Cultivator of Cinnamon & Expertise in Marketing of Cinnamon in Kerala Market, MBA Postgraduate with more than 5 years of Corporate Experience in Marketing, Training & Sales .
Nithin is an emerging Cinnamon cultivator and entrepreneur dedicated to reviving the cultivation and marketing of True Cinnamon. After completing his MBA and gaining corporate professional experience in the Marketing & Sales field, he has focused his attention to agriculture, choosing to work with Cinnamon despite the crop being considered economically risky. Motivated by growing concerns about the health risks associated with Cassia (deemed as carcinogenic and hepatotoxic) the commonly sold substitute, Nithin committed himself to promoting true Cinnamon known for its gentle aroma, brittle bark, sweetness, and various health benefits.
To ensure quality and credibility, samples from his plantation were tested at the Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (TBGRI), Thiruvananthapuram, which confirmed that his produce was free from harmful content, like coumarin and rich in medicinal properties. This validation encouraged him to take true Cinnamon directly to home kitchens and conscious consumers.
From grandfather to father, Kunhiraman, and now to Nithin—the art of cinnamon cultivation stays in the family. On his eight-acre plantation, Nithin cultivates nearly 5,000 cinnamon trees, combining both mature and newly planted varieties. He follows careful harvesting methods, peeling the bark from four-to-five-year-old stalks and shade-drying it to preserve its natural aroma. The farm also harvests cinnamon buds, which are sought after by food processing industries. Through patient cultivation, sustainable practices,consumer education, & new generation marketing techniques, Nithin is contributing to the renewed demand for authentic cinnamon in Kerala and beyond.
Cultivator,
,
India
Lalit Agrawal's Biography
Lalit Agrawal
Scientist
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Dr. Lalit Agrawal is a researcher in Genetics and plant breeding and Agriculture Biotechnology with extensive international research experience from India, and the United States. Dr. Lalit obtained his MSc degree in Genetics and Plant Breeding from GB Pant university of Agriculture and technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, He received his Ph.D. in Agriculture Biotechnology from National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR, JNU Campus), New Delhi. He also worked in CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow as scientist fellow. His research expertise includes Plant Tissue Culture, Genetic Engineering, Proteomics, molecular biology and crop improvement and published nearly 40 peer-reviewed research publications in reputed international journals. His scientific contributions mainly explore crop improvement through conventional, molecular breeding and genetic engineering. He is currently working as Scientist in the Centre for Aromatic Plants, on the crop improvement, development of new verities of aromatic species. His work is mainly focused on variety release programs in lemongrass, cinnamon, damask rose suitable for Uttarakhand climatic condition and also production of quality planting material for farmers in hitech nursery.
Scientist,
Centre for Aromatic Plants,
India
Ravi Kant's Biography
Ravi Kant
Prof & HOD, Medicine
AIIMS Rishikesh
Prof & HOD, Medicine,
AIIMS Rishikesh,
India
Anil Kumar Chauhan's Biography
Anil Kumar Chauhan
Project Scientist-I
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Dr. Anil Kumar Chauhan is a researcher in biotechnology and molecular biosciences with extensive international research experience spanning India, South Korea, and the United States. He is currently serving as Project Scientist-I at the Centre for Aromatic Plants, where
his work focuses on the development of therapeutic and nutraceutical formulations from aromatic and medicinal plants for obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. Dr. Chauhan obtained his Ph.D. in Biotechnology from Daegu University and has previously worked at renowned institutions including The Ohio State University (School of Medicine), University of Illinois Chicago (School of Medicine), Konkuk University (Biosciences & Bioengineering), and Keimyung University (School of Medicine). His research expertise includes microbiology, immunology, molecular biology, cancer biology, metabolic diseases, and animal disease modeling. He has authored several peer-reviewed research publications in reputed international journals and holds patents related to anti-obesity formulations and bioactivity of essential oils. His scientific contributions mainly explore natural products, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer therapeutics, sepsis, and metabolic disease interventions. Dr. Chauhan has also presented his research at several international conferences and symposia across Europe, the United States, and South Korea.
Project Scientist-I,
Centre for Aromatic Plants,
India
Rameshkumar K. B.'s Biography
Rameshkumar K. B.
Senior Principal Scientist and Head, Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology
KSCSTE-Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute
Dr. Rameshkumar K. B. is a Principal Scientist and Head of the Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division at the Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (JNTBGRI), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. With over 27 years of experience in phytochemistry research, his work focuses on the extraction, isolation, and characterization of plant secondary metabolites, essential oils, and medicinal plant products.
He earned his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Kerala and has successfully led several research projects funded by DBT, DST, and KSCSTE. Dr. Rameshkumar has guided Ph.D. scholars and numerous postgraduate research projects while actively contributing to herbal technology and natural product research.
He has published extensively in reputed journals, received several prestigious awards including the Kerala Academy of Sciences Fellowship, and represented India at various international conferences and collaborations across Asia and Europe. His contributions continue to strengthen research in phytochemistry and medicinal plants.
Senior Principal Scientist and Head, Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology,
KSCSTE-Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute,
India
Mohammad Javed Ansari's Biography
Mohammad Javed Ansari
Assistant Professor, Botany
Hindu College Moradabad
Mohammad Javed Ansari is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Botany at Hindu College, Moradabad affiliated to Guru Jambheshwar University Moradabad. He holds a Ph.D. degree in Biotechnology with a specialization in Plant Molecular Biology from the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee. Prior to joining Hindu College Moradabad, he served as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Plant Protection at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. His research interests include Plant Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biofilms, and Antimicrobials. He has a strong academic background with various academic awards. He published more than 400 research Publications in well known reputed journals and secured rank in top 2 percent scientist list published by Stanford University USA. He is the author of several books and member of the editorial board of several reputed international journals.
Assistant Professor, Botany,
Hindu College Moradabad,
India
Venue
Centre for Aromatic Plants
Address: Industrial Estate, Selaqui- 248197, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Centre for Aromatic Plants (CAP)” was established by Government of Uttarakhand in 2003 at industrial area Selaqui, Dehradun. CAP is a complete business incubator centre for the development of the aromatic sector in Uttarakhand
Call for Sponsors and Exhibitors
We invite organizations to partner with us for this prestigious global gathering. Sponsoring or exhibiting at The International Seminar and Workshop on “Cinnamon—Innovations in Propagation, Sustainable Cultivation, and Post-Harvest Technologies provides a unique opportunity to engage directly with a niche audience of high-altitude growers, agricultural scientists, policymakers, and industrial processors.
Sponsors will gain visibility among key decision-makers shaping market trends for 2026–2030. Whether your organization specializes in extraction machinery, laboratory testing services, organic inputs, or plant-based products, this event ensures your brand is associated with innovation, sustainability, and quality excellence.
Exhibition Categories
- Nursery and Laboratory Technologies: Tissue culture kits, automated misting systems, certified sapling production
- Harvesting and Post-Harvest Machinery: Automated bark-peeling tools, precision solar dryers, moisture-sensing technologies
- Agri-Inputs: Bio-fertilizers, mycorrhizal inoculants, organic growth stimulants
- Supply Chain Solutions: Blockchain traceability platforms, smart packaging, and cold-chain logistics
Exclusive Invitation for Spices Business & Sourcing Professionals
We cordially invite you to be at the centre stage of implementation of the “Uttarakhand Mehak Kranti Niti (2026-36)” through the Centre for Aromatic Plants (CAP), Dehradun, India. This is a transformative initiative by the Government of Uttarakhand to develop the state into a major hub for aromatic crops, including cinnamon. The policy plans to establish 7 Aroma Valleys and 6 satellite centres, covering about 22,750 hectares and benefiting over 91,000 farmers.
With generous subsidies up to 80% for cultivation, nurseries, processing, branding, and packaging, the policy creates strong opportunities for producers, traders, and new entrepreneurs to enter the aromatic crop value chain. By promoting bulk production, modern processing, and market linkages, it opens a profitable ecosystem for non-exporters, importers, and traders to participate in a rapidly expanding high-value spice and aroma industry.
To set the stage rolling for the “Uttarakhand Mehak Kranti Niti (2026-36)”, Centre for Aromatic Plants (CAP), is organising a landmark inaugural event for the international spice industry: The Cinnamon Seminar entitled “International Seminar and Workshop on "Cinnamon: Innovations in Propagation, Sustainable Cultivation, and Post-Harvest Technologies". As a key stakeholder in the cinnamon and spice business, this is your premier opportunity to expand your business footprint into the burgeoning Indian and overseas markets.
Why Attend "The Cinnamon Seminar"?
This summit serves as a vital convergence point for importers, exporters, and industrial extractors and processors. It is specifically designed to facilitate:
- B2B Networking & Expansion: Connect directly with Indian spice exporters, importers, and progressive growers to explore new supply chains and collaborative ventures.
- Access to Himalayan Biodiversity: Discover the untapped potential of high-value Himalayan genetic resources for your global product portfolios.
- Global Quality Alignment: Gain insights into navigating international standards including ISO, BIS, FDA, and EFSA to ensure seamless cross-border trade.
- Experience Sharing: We invite you to contribute to our scientific discourse. If you wish to speak on a topic related to your experience - such as regional trade dynamics or advanced processing - we welcome your expertise in our Technical, Discussion and Brainstorming Sessions.
Event Highlights for Trade Delegates
- Commercial Insights: Sessions on high-density plantation systems and market-oriented production.
- Value Addition: Explore advanced extraction, nutraceuticals, and cosmetic formulations.
- Market Trends: Dedicated discussions on domestic and export opportunities for 2026–2030.
Registration & Speaking Opportunities
We offer a streamlined registration process for our industry delegates. If you are interested in joining our panel of experts to share your regional experience, please contact our secretariat directly.
Conference Sponsors
Gold Sponsor
UGVS- Rural Enterprise Acceleration Project
Knowledge Partner
Government of Uttarakhand
Essential Oil Association of India
Spices Board of India
State Medicinal Plants Board, Uttarakhand
Sugandh Vyapar Sangh
Organizer
UGVS- Rural Enterprise Acceleration Project
UGVS- Rural Enterprise Acceleration Project
Government of Uttarakhand
Government of Uttarakhand
Essential Oil Association of India
Essential Oil Association of India
Spices Board of India
Spices Board of India
State Medicinal Plants Board, Uttarakhand
State Medicinal Plants Board, Uttarakhand
Sugandh Vyapar Sangh
Sugandh Vyapar Sangh
Centre for Aromatic Plants, Uttarakhand
Cinnamon Seminar Draft Programme
Download Programme PDFThursday, 11th June 2026
| 09:00 |
Registration followed by Campus Tour & Aroma Lab visit
|
| 11:00 |
Tea Break
|
| 11:30 |
Inauguration
|
| 12:30 |
Plenary Talks
|
| 12:35 |
Uttarakhand Cinnamon: Quality Assessment of a High-Value Himalayan Spice Arvind Kumar Scientist, Centre for Aromatic Plants, India |
| 12:55 |
Emerging Potential of Uttarakhand Cinnamon: Cultivation Practices, Processing Technologies Lalit Agrawal Scientist, Centre for Aromatic Plants, India |
| 13:15 |
Sensory Evaluation of Cinnamon Varities
|
| 13:30 |
Lunch
|
| 14:30 |
Session 1: Advanced Propagation and Nursery Techniques - The Srilankan Experience
|
| 14:30 |
From Sustainable Cultivation to Value Addition: Sri Lanka's True Cinnamon Experience Chinthaka Widanapathirana Deputy Director (Research), Cinnamon Development, National Cinnamon Research and Training Centre, Sri Lanka |
| 15:15 |
Cinnamon Industry in Sri Lanka an overview Muditha Jayatilaka Director, Pure Cinnamon Exports, Sri Lanka |
| 16:00 |
Tea Break
|
| 16:15 |
Session 2: Propagation and Cultivation through Best Agronomic Practices - Indian and Indonesian Experience
|
| 16:15 |
|
| 16:45 |
Promoting True Cinnamon: Scientific Interventions from Andaman Islands Ajit Arun Waman Senior Scientist, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, India |
| 17:15 |
Enhancing The Global Competitiveness and Sustainability of Indonesian Cinnamon Through Robust Research and Innovation Setiari Marwanto Head, Research Center for Estate Crops (BRIN), Indonesia |
| 17:45 |
Session 3: Science and Clinical Reality of Cinnamon in Diabetes
|
| 17:45 |
Cinnamon as Oral Anti Diabetic: Its Scientific basis and Clinical Evidence Ravi Kant Prof & HOD, Medicine, AIIMS Rishikesh, India |
| 18:00 |
The Glycemic Frontier: Clinical Perspective of Cinnamon on Diabesity & Other Metabolic Diseases Anil Kumar Chauhan Project Scientist-I, Centre for Aromatic Plants, India |
| 18:15 |
Closing Of Day 1
|
Friday, 12th June 2026
| 09:00 |
Cinnamon Orchid Visit - Visit to CAP Satellite Centre in Bhauwala, Uttarakhand
|
| 11:00 |
Tea Break
|
| 11:30 |
Session 4: Post-Harvest Technologies
|
| 11:30 |
Biochemical Diversity of Cinnamomum Species and its Post-harvest Potential Anees K Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research Kozhikode, India |
| 12:00 |
Assessment on Domestic Market / Export Potential, quality and Future of Cinnamon Crop Remashree A.B Director, Spices Board (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India), India |
| 12:30 |
Botanical sources of Cinnamon in India: Need of Authentication and regulation V. Sundaresan Scientist-F, CSIR-CIMAP Research Centre, Bengaluru, India |
| 13:00 |
Lunch
|
| 14:00 |
Session 5: Value Addition and Industrial Innovation
|
| 14:00 |
Export potential of Cinnamon and Cassia-Indian Perspective Dinesh Singh Bisht Scientist, Spices Board (Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India), India |
| 14:30 |
Development of Quality Standards, Regulatory Perspectives, Safety Parameters, and Standardization Protocols for Cinnamon and Bay Leaf Alka Rao Advisor (Science & Standards & Regulations), Food Safety and Standards Authority of India New Delhi, India |
| 15:00 |
Value Chain Development and Technology Practices for Cinnamon Homey Cheriyan Director, Directorate of Arecanut and Spices Development Kozhikode, India |
| 15:30 |
Oral Presentations
|
| 15:30 |
Synergistic Effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Extract and Manuka Honey on Candida Albicans Growth and Biofilm Formation Mohammad Javed Ansari Assistant Professor, Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, India |
| 15:45 |
Cinnamomum Species in the Western Ghats - A Phytochemical Perspective Rameshkumar K. B. Senior Principal Scientist and Head, Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology, KSCSTE-Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, India |
| 16:00 |
Tea Break
|
| 16:15 |
Interactive Session + Digital Poster Session
Expert-Interactive Session on Propagation: Chinthaka W, Muditha Jayatilaka |
| 17:15 |
Valedictory Session
|
Call for Abstracts
We invite global researchers, biotechnologists, and agricultural scientists and research scholars to contribute to the scientific discourse of The Golden Spice - Cinnamon. This is your platform to showcase groundbreaking research that bridges the gap between Himalayan biodiversity and global industrial applications.
Whether your work focuses on genomic excellence, sustainable agronomy, or next-generation value addition, we welcome your submissions for our Oral and Poster Presentation sessions. Join an elite panel of experts and policy makers to discuss innovations that will redefine the "Golden Spice" industry.
• Presentation slots are limited. So only selected abstracts will be invited to present.
• Themes: All abstracts must align with the Conference Agenda Topics.
• Format: Abstract Length: Approximately 200 words.
• Submission Portal: All entries must be submitted electronically via www.glostem.in. Attach one page CV/biography of the presenting
author in MS Word of PDF format.
• Registration is not mandatory for abstract submission.
Digital Poster Presentation opportunities will also be available for research scholars
Important Dates & Requirements
• Submission Deadline: June 01, 2026
• Registration Mandate: Presenters whose abstracts have been selected will receive a mail on or before June 02, 2026. You must
complete your conference registration by June 05, 2026.
• Peer Review: All submissions will undergo a rigorous blind review by our esteemed panel of experts.
Awards for Excellence
To encourage high-quality scientific inquiry, a dedicated jury will evaluate all presentations. Awards for Outstanding Oral and Poster Presentations will be announced during the valedictory session to recognize significant contributions to the field.
Abstract Submission Topics
- Advanced Propagation and Nursery Techniques
- Cultivation through Best Agronomic Practices
- Post-Harvest Technologies
- Value Addition and Industrial Innovation
Abstract Submission (* is a required field.)
Name of Conference: Cinnamon Seminar
Why You Should Attend
- Access Rare Data: Gain exclusive insights into the chemical profiles of Himalayan cinnamon species.
- Networking with Giants: Meet procurement heads from companies like McCormick, ITC, and Olam.
- Global Visibility: Present your research to an international audience and get published in the conference proceedings.
- Technology Showcase: See live demonstrations of the latest high-efficiency distillation units.
- Policy Insight: Directly interact with officials from the Spices Board of India and international trade bodies.
- Direct Sourcing: Farmers can find direct industrial buyers, bypassing multiple layers of middlemen.
Registration
Register Now| Category | Currency | Base Fee | GST / Tax % | Total (incl.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Digital Poster Presenter
|
INR | ₹1,750.00 | 18% | ₹2,065.00 |
|
Faculty & Scientist
|
INR | ₹5,000.00 | 18% | ₹5,900.00 |
|
Industry Delegate
|
INR | ₹7,500.00 | 18% | ₹8,850.00 |
|
Overseas Academic Delegate
|
USD | $90.00 | 18% | $106.20 |
|
Overseas Industry Delegate
|
USD | $180.00 | 18% | $212.40 |
|
Student & Research Scholar
|
INR | ₹2,500.00 | 18% | ₹2,950.00 |
- Manual: Cheque / NEFT / RTGS (confirmation number required)
- Razorpay: UPI, NetBanking, Credit/Debit Cards (INR)
- ICICI Payment Gateway (as enabled)
Access to all conference sessions
Certificate of participation